冬奧訪問片段被惡搞
Who to blame?
Audience vs Media
Media as Gatekeeper
Journalist’s Role
Decide for themselves what information they will distribute and what form that information will take; not having others decide for them
Professional values of journalists
Accurate reporting is non-negotiable – achieved with relevant facts put into proper context.
Journalists are professionals , i.e. they are well-trained for this
PRSA Statement of professional Values:
Honesty
We adhere to the highest standards of accuracy and truth in advancing the interests of those we represent and in communicating with the public.
Audience is partly responsible
Media literacy
refers to the ability to understand how mass media work, how they produce meanings, how they are organized, and how to use them wisely
netizens are considered to have relatively higher media literacy
Free flow of information on the Internet, various platforms are provided for the audience to verify the news, they cannot just take what the media tell them.
e.g. my TV, news apps
Active audience
the audiences are not merely passive receptacles for imposed meanings (see hypodermic model) but rather individual audience members who are actively (albeit often unconsciously) involved—both cognitively and emotionally—in making sense of texts
Strengthened Two -way communication in the Internet era
decline of media gatekeeping and the rise of audience gatewatching
Accuracy Check
1. Gather all the relevant facts and put them in context.
2. Check and verify your facts thoroughly. If in doubt, leave it out, or reveal it to the audience.
3. Weigh all relevant facts.
4. Correct your mistakes immediately and properly whenever you find out.
5. Quotations – never alter a direct quote
6. Avoid plagiarism
7. Acknowledge the importance of balancing accountability with seeking and reporting truth, minimizing harm, and acting independently
Reference
The Active Audience: Transforming Journalism from Gatekeeping to Gatewatching (Axel Bruns, 2005)
http://www.journalism.co.uk/news-features/how-to-verify-content-from-social-media/s5/a548645/
